Biennially, the FDIC conducts a consumer banking survey and releases the results to the public. The report produced since 2009 traditionally measures the unbanked portion of the population. The 2023 data released on November 12 added several questions about two new financial services that have attracted much credit union interest.

The Report’s headline finding is that “96 Percent of U.S. households had credit union or bank checking accounts in 2023.” A record low 5.6 million households (4.2%) remain unbanked.

Further data breaks down the unbanked by race and those that were “underbanked,” 14.2% of households. These consumers rely instead on payday loans, cash and other non-bank products.

For traditional relationships, 48.3% of banked households use mobile banking and 76.4% of all households had a credit card.

Between the surveys in 2021 and 2023, the data on new payment application shows “use of nonbank online payment services such as PayPal, Venmo, or Cash App increased, while the use of general-purpose reloadable prepaid cards decreased.”

The new data in the report

So much for traditional product tracking. The 2023 survey asked about household use of two newer financial services: Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) usage and crypto purchases. Both products have raised much interest in credit union land.

For example, this December 2 article in Credit Union Times reports on the first credit union in Georgia to offer a BNPL product. The article quotes the credit unions fintech/CUSO partner providing the service: “Buy Now, Pay Later is a financial service that consumers want and are increasingly expecting from their primary financial institutions.”

The FDIC survey however reports that “only 3.9% of all households used BNPL in the past 12 months.” For many consumers, this option is just an extension of an existing credit card relationship, not a separate product.

As Bitcoin passed $100,000 in value and then fell back, crypto is again on some consumers financial product short list. But how big is the market?

The FDIC data showed that “In 2023, 4.8 percent of U.S. households owned or used crypto or digital assets in the previous 12 months. A significant majority of these households held crypto or digital assets as an investment (92.6 percent) while only 4.4 percent of these households used digital assets as a form of payment.”

Again the urgency to offer purchases or other transactions involving Bitcoin or other crypto “currency” would seem to be tempered by both the uncertain nature of the product and its relatively low penetration of households.

The good news is that traditional financial products are used by almost all households and mobile convenience continues to expand.